♣ Museum of Science, Tokyo Univ Science (Tokyo)
東京理科大学 科学資料館
If you want to know about the computing machines and calculators, this is the best place to visit. You can trace the history of calculators from early time till recent days.
http://www.sut.ac.jp/info/setubi/museum/index.html
In this Museum, you can learn the development histories of calculators and of audio recording devices, as well as history of TUS university. This museum has received the designation “History of Computing Satellite Museum” by the Information Processing Society of Japan.
Accsess:
1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601
4 minutes from JR Iidabashi Sta. (Sobu Line)
Tel: +81-3-5228-8224
Early Time of Calculators
Historical development of calculators is shown in the exhibits
Old Type Calculators
“Soroban” was not widely used until the 17th century, but Japanese merchants began to use them as a calculator for their businesses in Edo period of 18c. From that time, Japanese people use it until now.
“Sangi”and “Sanban” Wooden Calculator in 18c
“Soroban”Abacus (Early Edo period 18c)
Mechanical Calculators
Mechanical calculators continued to be sold in 1960s, though in rapidly decreasing numbers, into the early 1970s, with many of the manufacturers closing down or being taken over. The spread of the computer rather than the simple electronic calculator put an end to the Comptometer. Also, by the end of the 1970s, the slide rule had become obsolete. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_calculator.
These calculators are exhibited in the museum with full scale collections.
Tiger Calculator (1923)
Replica of a Brunsviga Calculator made by Torajiro Omoto in 1923. This is the third calculator to appear in Japan, after Ryoichi Yazu’s Jidd-Soroban (Automatic-Soroban) and Maruzen’s Aidiaru Keisanki (Ideal Calculator).
(1) Electronic Calculators Marchant Electronic Calculator in the US in 1950s.
(2) Tiger Calculator (1960s)
Electronic Calculators developed Japanese Makers
Many electric makers entry into the electric calculator market. The abundant evidence are shown in the museum with many example collections.
Displays of Electric Calculators
The various electric calculators are exhibited at the shelves of museum with explanation. The visitors must be impressed how much variety of calculators are produced by Japanese makers in history.
Casio Model 14-A
The Casio Computer Company, in Japan, released the Model 14-A calculator in 1957, which was the world’s first all-electric (relatively) “compact” calculator. It did not use electronic logic but was based on relay technology, and was built into a desk.
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(1) Canon Canola 130 (Manufactured by Canon which sold for ¥395,000 in 1964)
(2) Casio 101-E (Casio published Model 101E Calculator with \198,000 in 1967)
(3) Sharp Compet CS-241 (Sharp developed CS-241 in 1960 with MOSMSI/IC, priced \175,000. Sharp also introduced the CS-10A in 1964 with all-transistor)
Handy Type Pocket Electronic Calculator
LSI and LCD changed the world of Calculator and it combined with computer technology.
Displays of Japanese several calculators Models
Japanese makers, like Casio and Sharp, triggered the revolution change of calculator market and technology in 1980s.
Casio “Mini
The Casio “Mini” was Casio’s first attempt at a handheld calculator. Casio caught the world by surprise in 1972 with the introduction of this low-price machine.
Sharp EL-805 (1973)
The word’s first COS electric calculator incorporating an LCD, side by side with the unit’s internal glass panel
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(1) Casio Fx48 (2) Casio Fx48 (3) Casio Fx48 (4) Sharp EL-865
The First and Second Generation Computer and PC
The collections of museum indicates how Calculator transformed into the Computer in their technology advancement. A number of historical computers which has appeared in the computer world are displayed in the TUS Museums abundantly.
Analog’s Differential Analysis Machine
The Large mechanical computer for solving differential equations devised in 1931. The machine was devised V. Bush (MIT) 1935. TUS reproduced this machine based on the Osaka Univ. Model in order to trace the computer’s historical development.
UNIVAC120
“UNIVAC120” is the prototype commercial electronic computer in 1950s made by Remington Rand (US) with logic circuit using world’s first vacuum tube. It is named as a first generation computer.
Fujitsu FACOM 201 (1960s)
（Parametron Ele. Culculator
FACOM 201, the commercial version of the medium-sized machine. This was used by TUS for education in 1960s.
NEC PC 8001
The NEC PC computer Released in 1979 that brought Japan into the modern PC era. 8-bit.
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(1) iMac (Legendary PC with unique produced by Apple Computer in 1998)
(2) Toshiba Dynabook J-3100 (J-3100 is a laptop PC, which was remodeled T-3100 (world’s first 16-bit laptop PC), with a built-in hard disk, marketed by Toshiba in 1986. Price was \1.3 million Yen.)
Exhibition of Historical Audio Corner
The development history of photography can be backed to more than 100 years. The phonograph record disk system which invented by Berliner after the Edison, lasted longer till magnetic recording technology developed in the 1950s, and it changed again to the era of digital recording today. You can learn the course of its global history in this display corner.
Edison’s Phonograph (1901)
Cylinder phonograph capable of playing recordings of up to four minutes in length.
Anberora 30-inch (1915)
New type of cylinder phonograph in 1910s
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Asia Japan Techno-Museum Forum 